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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CALVIN M. ROARK, OF ALTO, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR` OF ONE-HALF TO` ANDREW J. MCCUISTION, OF SAMEPLACE.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 528,030, dated October 23, 189.4.

Application maa .my 1o, 1894. serial No. 517.110. (No model.)

.To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CALVIN M. ROARK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Alto, in the county of Cherokee and State of Texas, have invented new and useful Improvements in Churns, of which the following isa specification.

`My invention relates to improvements in churnsand has for its object to provide a strong, durable and simple churn by means of which the butter may be very quickly produced with the expenditure of but slight power.

To these ends my invention consistsi'n the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described and at'- terward definitely set forth in the claim following the description, due reference being had to the accompanying drawingsforming a part of this specification, wherein- Figure 1, is a vertical section on the line 1 1, of Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a horizontal section on the line 22, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a detail perspective view of the slide-block, and Fig. 4, asimilar view of the means for securing the dasher shaft to the operating spindle.

Referring to the drawings the letter A indicates the frame of the` churn consisting of four uprights a, secured together at and near their upper ends by cross bars a', a2, a3, and having secured to their lower ends a shelf a4, upon which rests the churn B. (Shown in dotted lines.)

Secured to the cross bars a3, is an inclined slide rest C slotted longitudinally as at c, and provided at its opposite ends with pulleys or guide rollers D, D, j ournaled in suitable bearings thereon. Arranged and adapted to slide on said slide rest is a slide-block E which is provided with a T-headed base c that passes through the slot c, and serves to guide the slide-block and retain it in place on the slide rest. j

In one end of the slide block is driven a staple e to which is secured one end of a cord or belt F, which passes around the guide rollers D, D, and is secured at its opposite end to a turning peg e, journaled in the end of said block and passing through a recess e2,

`formed therein. By turning said pin in the" 5o gaged` by a pawl e6, pivoted to theupper side` ofthe slide block E. From the upper side ot said slide block projects a lug e7, to which is pivotally secured one end`of a pitman G, the other end of which is pivotally secured to a 6b lever H pivoted at its lower end to a crossrod'I of the frame A. By providing two or more perforations h, in the lever H the pitman G is adj ustably secured to the said lever so that the throw of the slide-block may be altered at the will of the operator.

J indicates the driving spindle journaled in cross bars k, la', secu red to the frame and pro' vided at its lower end with a head j, provided with adovetailed recess jin which is adapted 7o to be fitted a dovetail shaped tenon Z, for-med on the upper end of t'ne dashershatt L, a pivoted latch jz, serving to keep said tenoin in place in the recessed head.

If desired the headj, may be provided with a dovetailed slot extending from side to side of the head block and a pivoted latch be arranged on each side thereof. By this construction the dasher may very quickly be detach ed from the driving spindle for removing j 8o the churn. The cord or belt F is wound one or more times around the spindle J and after passing around the pulleys or guide rollers D, D, is secured at its opposite ends to the slide-block E, as before described.

The operation of my improved churn will be readily understood. The parts having been properly adjusted in the manner and by the means above described, and the churn having been placed in position and its shaft 9o connected to the driving spindle, the lever H is oscillated back and forth about its pivot and by means ofthe pitman G communicates a reciprocating movement to the slide-block E which latter, through the medium ofthe `cord or belt F rotates the driving spindle J alternately in opposite directions which causes the dasher to thoroughly agitate the cream and'break up the globules, producing the butter very quickly with the expenditure of but little exertion or power on the part of the operator. Heretofore, in devices of this 5 nature a serious disadvantage has consisted in the binding vor rubbing action` of the convolutions of the cord one'upon theother as they are Wound and unwound about the spindle, resulting in producing great Wear upon 1o the cord and requiring an unnecessary expenditure of power. To avoid this obj ectionable action of the cord I cause the cord to be Wound and unwound about the spindle at an angle inclined relatively to the axis of said i5 spindle, and this I accomplish by in'clining the slide rest as shown, so that as the slideblock E is reciproc'ated back and forth the cord F as it is Wound and unwoun'd about the spindle' is caused to travel up and down the zo spindle slightly which has a tendency to keep the convolutions of the cord separated and prevents them fromr rubbing or binding onev on the other. By this means the wear on the cord is reducedtoa minimum and at the same time the power necessary to operate the churn z5 vis very materially decreased.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- Ina churn, the combination with the rotary driving spindle J, ofv theV slide rest C, the 3o guide pulleys D, D, journaled in the opposite ends of said slide rest, the slide-block E seated and adapted to slide on said slide rest and provided with a turn peg e4, having a ratchet head e5, a pawl e6, engaging said head, a cord 35 Wound about said spindle and passing around said pulleys, one end of said cord being fastened to said slide block and the other end fastened to said turn peg, a hand lever H, and a pitman G, pivotally secured to said lever 4o and slide-block, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CALVIN M. ROARK. [n s] Witnesses:

J. A. COLLIER, L. B. MOORE. n 

